Is the Use of Biopsy Forceps of Digestive Endoscope Just as Simple as Open And Close?

Biopsy is the technique of removing diseased tissue from the patient's body by cutting, clamping or puncturing for pathological examination, as needed for differential diagnosis and treatments. Biopsy forceps are indispensable for gastrointestinal endoscopic biopsy, and they are one of the most common accessories used by endoscopic nurses.

1. Types of Biopsy Forceps

There are many types of endoscopic biopsy forceps, including standard type, side-opening type, head-end with needle type, round cup-shaped, tooth-shaped cup-shaped, and so on. Normally, the laser welding of biopsy forceps can be realized by continuous or pulsed laser beam. The laser radiation will first heat the surface that is needed to be machined, and then the surface heat will spread to the inside through heat conduction, and the work-piece will melt to form a specific melt pool by controlling the laser parameters such as the width, energy, peak power and repetition frequency of the laser pulse.

The energy conversion mechanism is accomplished through the "Key-hole" structure. Under high enough power density laser irradiation, the material will evaporate and a small hole will be formed. This small hole filled with vapor is just like a black hole and it can absorb almost all of the incident beam energy, and the equilibrium temperature inside the hole cavity will reach about 2500°C. Heat is then transferred from the outer wall of this high-temperature hole to melt the metal surrounding the hole cavity. The small hole will then be filled with high temperature steam generated by continuous evaporation of the wall material under beam irradiation, and the four walls of the hole will be surrounded by molten metal. The liquid metal will be surrounded by solid material (while in most conventional welding processes and laser conduction welding, energy is first deposited on the surface of the work-piece and then transported to the interior by transfer). The liquid flow and wall surface tension outside the hole walls will be held and dynamically balanced with the continuously generated vapor pressure inside the hole cavity. As the beam will continuously enter the small hole, the material outside the hole will be continuously flowing, and the hole will be always in a stable state of flowing as the beam moves. That is to say, as the small hole and the molten metal surrounding the hole walls move forward with the forward speed of the leading beam, the molten metal will immediately fill the void left after the hole moves away and condenses with it, and the weld is then formed.

All of the foregoing processes can happen very quickly so that the welding speed of biopsy forceps can easily reach several meters per minute. This is the mechanism by which we see the formation of the biopsy clamp thread cavity. Thus, once the biopsy clamp thread is broken, the normal welding process will not be able to fix the problem as metal barbs may form. In recent years, most biopsy forceps have adopted a rigid four-link structure, making the use of biopsy forceps more convenient.

2. Details of the Use of Biopsy Forceps

The key to the full use of biopsy forceps is mainly relying on the mastery of the correct strength. During the use of biopsy forceps, it is of great importance to moderate the using strength. You can not open or close the biopsy forceps very hard; otherwise, not only will the biopsy forceps not be well clamped to the lesion tissue, but it will also be very easy to damage the biopsy forceps. Thus, the mastery of biopsy forceps is actually the basis of the mastery of the uses of many other medical accessories, and this is a truth that is hard to feel under general circumstances. However, if you are taking foreign objects, especially coins, you will find it is very difficult to hold the coins steady if the alligator forceps are opened too widely. So how can we deal with this situation? The experience of many endoscopic nurses is to open the opening of the forceps just slightly larger than the edge of the coin. And when the forceps can cross the edge of the coin, a steady force can then be applied. By doing so, the coin can be held firmly. Thus, during the practice of biopsy forceps, it is important to pay attention to the using strength of forceps.